naomi_jay: (looks like scarlett)
Moving swiftly along, apparently one of the reasons Twilight is so popular is because girls want to have sex with gay men. I find this fascinating. I'm all about monsters as symbols (I wrote an essay on werewolves as a metaphor for adolescence at university, and would have gotten a first if I hadn't forgotten to include a bibliography, I seem to recall), and I can ramble for hours about the vampire's changing symbolism over the years. The article cites Polidori's The Vampyre as an early example, with the bloodsuckers representing the sort of filthy deviant sex the Victorian era secretly loved, and notes that Dracula was written during a time of rampant heroin and cocaine use in Europe. In the 80s the vampire became associated with AIDS; in the 90s, addiction.

The Noughties have moved us firmly into sexy vampire territory, and largely defanged the deviant funmuppets of Polidori and Stoker's day. Instead of bloodsucking monsters stalking the night for quivering virgins, we now have emo boys in questionable leather outfits stalking night clubs looking for their One True Love, who they can usually identity by her smell, which is generally "woman." (Seriously, if I read one more book in which the hero says, "you smell like woman" to the heroine, there will be reprecussions. Because if she doesn't smell like woman, there is a problem).

And now it seems we've gone a step futher and turned our vampires into a metaphor for sparkly, unattainable sex:

(Bella) is attracted to him because he is strange, beautiful, and seemingly repulsed by her ... Twilight's fantasy is that the gorgeous gay guy can be your boyfriend.

I knew girls at school and sixth form who had crushes on gay men. None of them were like Bella, and none of the men were like Edward, but that's beside the point. I can see the parallel. I don't know if having someone find you repulsive is attractive or not, but again, that's beside the point. I think you can maybe tie this back to worries about STDs again (as in the 80s) in that sex is often presented as something to be avoided unless the circumstances are just right (you're married, you're in love, you've got a condom etc), and is something to be feared if you deviate from the perfect circumstances (you're cheating, you're underage, you're in the back of a car etc). A girl can lust after and fantasize about sex with a gay man all she wants; she never has to worry about it happening in real life. There's no rejection, no pregnancy, no STD, no consequences.

Which I guess, to some degree, is the appeal of the vampire as a romantic hero as well. It's great to sit back and think about how devastatingly romantic it would be to have some mysterious, exotic, inscrutable type sweep you off your feet and carry you away to his dank European castle to be his soul mate. Really. It's fab! But in reality, look. You don't know this guy, he's drinking your freaking blood for Christ's sake, and you don't speak Bulgarian, so really. The consequences aren't that romantic.

That's what everybody wants, isn't it? Sex that's dangerous and safe at the same time, risky but comfortable, gooey and violent, but also traditional and loving.

Again, this is part of the vampire's appeal now that he's mutated into a pointy-toothed beefcake/sparkly honours student. (I won't go into my concerns over the defanging of monsters here, but I do not approve of sparkly vampires. At any time). I'm sure a big part of Twilight's success rests on the fact that Edward is the perfect boyfriend - handsome, protective, rich, sparkly... And that Bella has total control over their relationship. Don't believe me? Look at the books - whatever Bella wants, she gets, including vampirism, sex, and a baby, despite Edward's initial refusals. And Kit Whitfield has a fascinating take on that, if you're interested.

...vampires have appeared to help America process its newfound acceptance of what so many once thought strange or abnormal.

The vampire is often a mirror of our fears and desires, moreso than other monsters (although zombies as a metaphor for terrorism is an awesome subject), and since about 1819 and John Polidori, has been a solid metaphor for sexual desire and anxiety. He allows people to explore their darker urges without actually indulging in anything dangerous. It's no coincidence IMO that so many paranormal romances and urban fantasy feature some form of BDSM-lite. You can take pretty much deviance and make the vampire representative of that, and what with all the biting and blood, bondage is one of the more obvious choices.

Homosexuality and vampires isn't a new idea, and I'm sure it won't be long before we find some new aspect of our cultural to explore via vampirism. In the same why that early 19th century literature explored our fear of the Other due to the explosion of colonisation and slavery (see War of the World and The Island of Dr Moreau for example), 21st century vampire literature is dealing with 21st century issues. There are a hell of a lot of sexual preferences and identities out in the open now than there were even a few decades ago. Once we're all over homosexuality, transexuality, BDSM and emo boys, we'll find some other use for our vampires, I'm sure.
naomi_jay: (<lj user="tribades">)
Lord Byron’s personal physician, John Polidori, published his short story The Vampyre in April 1819. Originally the story was attributed to Byron himself, especially given the name of the protagonist – Lord Ruthven – was also used by Lady Caroline Lamb in her novel Glenarvon, for her thinly-disguised Byron character. Anyway, that’s pretty much beside the point. The Vampyre is quite likely the first example of the sexy vampire, and was a huge success, tapping into the public’s fascination with gothic horror, as well as presenting a very different image of the vampire. The subhuman night-walking horror was replaced with the aristocratic seducer.

Seventy-eight years later, Bram Stoker’s Dracula was released, cementing the image of the vampire as a charismatic aristocrat concerned largely with tormenting uptight Victorian virgins. That said, I maintain that the Count presented in Dracula, by and large, bears more resemblance to the average Cro-Magnon man than the average Armani model. Hairy palms, pointy ears, mono brow … yeah. You know.

What Stoker did establish in vampire lore was repressed sexuality – a lot of it. Given the generally repressive nature of Victorian society to begin with, the exploration of this theme in a novel was pretty sensational. The transformation of Lucy, for example, from prim virgin to bridge of Satan disturbed readers across the country:

What has become clearer and clearer, particularly in the fin de siècle years of the twentieth century, is that the novel's power has its source in the sexual implications of the blood exchange between the vampire and his victims...Dracula has embedded in it a very disturbing psychosexual allegory whose meaning I am not sure Stoker entirely understood: that there is a demonic force at work in the world whose intent is to eroticize women. In Dracula we see how that force transforms Lucy Westenra, a beautiful nineteen-year-old virgin, into a shameless slut. (Leonard Wol, 1992).
Eroticizing women! The very idea! Hide those ankles, ladies, you may well be encouraging men to see you as sexual objects and we all know how that ends. One minute you’re trying to decide between your three beaus, the next you’re letting some crusty old count sink his fangs into your neck in a decidedly sexualised exchange of bodily fluids.

But whatever, there you have it. Polidori and Stoker took the vampire mythos and changed it. From horrific revenant to upper-class deflowerer in under a century. But it doesn’t stop there, my friends, oh no. next: Anne Rice and her metrosexual vampires stamp themselves firmly over the public consciousness.
naomi_jay: (raz and kain)
So, I want to know where the mythos of the sexy vampire came from. (Actually, I already know, thanks to some diligent research I did earlier, but you can’t just dive straight into these things, you need to build the tension a little first.) And in order to pin down the origins of the modern vampire, I feel we need to look at the original vampire.

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